Monday, August 17, 2026

The Crusades - Dr. Roy Casagranda (Part - 2)

The Crusades - Part 2


Ibn al-Khashshab {(son of the wood) Shi'a Qazi} - 05:10


- Arab world - 06:30

- Minority - 07:35

Roman - Italian.

Nazi - German.

Japanese - Japanese.

- Egyptian Fatimid dynasty - 09:40

- Syria - 10:00

👑- Ghaznavids.

👑- Kakuyids (Shi'a).

👑- Buyids (Shi'a).

🗽- Saljiks - 10:25 (1037 AD). 

🗽- Saljuk started from Khurasan - 10:30

︻デ═一- Crusaders arrive 1098 - 11:10 一═デ︻

🗽- Saljiks first contact in 61 years - 11:15

🗽- Saljuk Sultan, Muhammad-I (Muhammad I Tapar) - 11:55

- Attacks Khalifa to shame him.

⚔ - Muhammad-I (Muhammad I Tapar)'s army finds that...

🗡- Aleppo has an army.

🗡- Damascus has an army.

🗡- Jerusalem has an army.

🗡- Antioch has an army. - 12:45

🔙Muhammad-I (Muhammad I Tapar)'s army returned back - 13:20

⚜Rizwan (Fakhr al-Mulk Ridwan), Leader of Aleppo - 13:50

⚜Duqaq (Shams al-Muluk Duqaq), Rizwan's brother the Leader of Damascus - 13:55 

🛠- Fatimid Khalifa al-Mustansir (al-Mustansir Billah) selected Nizar (Nizar ibn al-Mustansir) but Musta'li (Abu al-Qasim Ahmad ibn al-Mustansir) got elected - 14:25

👺- al-Afdal Shahanshah the Wazir pulling the strings - 15:05

- Musta'li (Abu al-Qasim Ahmad ibn al-Mustansir) + al-Afdal Shahanshah defeat Nizar (Nizar ibn al-Mustansir) army. Capture Nizar - 15:32

- Nizar got killed by trapping into a confinement. Slowly dehydrated & starved to death - 15:36

- That creates the Nizari sect of the Isma'ilis - 15:45

Hasan al-Saba'h - 16:00 

- Hashshashin → Assassins (Order of Assassins) - 16:35

⚜- Rizwan (Fakhr al-Mulk Ridwan) was partially controlled by the Hashshashins - 16:50 

🗽- Muhammad-I (Muhammad I Tapar) tries again by sending an army led by Mawdud (Sharaf al-Dawla Mawdud ibn Ahmad) - 17:50

⚜- Duqaq (Shams al-Muluk Duqaq) dies & his top general, Toghtekin (Zahir al-Din Toghtekin) displaces his two sons & takes over - 18:00 

⚔ - Mawdud (Sharaf al-Dawla Mawdud ibn Ahmad) goes to Damascus & was killed by stabbing to death - 18:20

🔙- Saljk army goes back again - 18:55

- Rizwan's son Alp Arsalan (Alp Arslan al-Akhras) takes over after his death - 19:35

Ibn al-Khashshab (son of the wood) makes Alp Arsalan (Alp Arslan al-Akhras) for targeted killing - 20:35


- Alp Arslan (Alp Arslan al-Akhras) goes 2 years long murder scheme - 20:20

⚔️- The slave, Lu'lu {(Lu'lu' al-Yaya) Pearl} stabbed Alp Arslan (Alp Arslan al-Akhras) to death - 21:30

⚔️- Hashshashin stabbed Lu'lu {(Lu'lu' al-Yaya) to death - 22:00

Ibn al-Khashab {(son of the wood) Shi'a Qazi} became the defacto leader (1117 A.D) - 22:00 

Ibn al-Khashshab {(son of the wood) Shi'a Qazi} makes Ilghazi (Najm al-Din Ilghazi ibn Artuq) to take over the city (Leader shopping) - 23:00 

- Ilghazi (Najm al-Din Ilghazi ibn Artuq) was ruling Mardin in Iraq (1118 A.D.) - 23:20 

- Ilghazi (Najm al-Din Ilghazi ibn Artuq) defeats the Crusaders & drives them off - 23:45

- Ilghazi (Najm al-Din Ilghazi ibn Artuq) dies in liver failure in 3 years for heavy drinking - 24:40


- 20 days time for the the King of Jerusalem, Baldwin-I (Baldwin I of Jerusalem) - 25:05


- Baldwin-I (Baldwin I of Jerusalem) decides to attack Egypt - 25:15

- 500 soldiers - 25:35


💨🔙- Baldwin-I (Baldwin I of Jerusalem) takes a bath in the river Neil & Fatemid retreats - 25:50💨

🤯Baldwin-I (Baldwin I of Jerusalem) dies in Bilharzia (Schistosomiasis) - 26:05


- Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem) - 27:10


- Baldwin-I (Baldwin I of Jerusalem) created the County of Edessa, Syrian portion in Turkeiye - 27:20

- Turkish genocide of Armenia - 28:00

- Edessa = Şanlıurfa - 28:05


- Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem) replaces himself with the guy name Joscelin (Joscelin I of Edessa) - 28:20

 - Ilghazi (Najm al-Din Ilghazi ibn Artuq) was replaced by Balak (Nur al-Dawla Belek bin Bahram Ghazi) his cousin - 29:50 

 - Balak (Nur al-Dawla Belek bin Bahram Ghazi) fights Joscelin (Joscelin I of Edessa) & captures him - 30:05    

- Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem) on the way to rescue Joscelin (Joscelin I of Edessa) gets engages in falconry 🕊️ - 30:20

 - Balak (Nur al-Dawla Belek bin Bahram Ghazi) shows up with his army & captures him - 30:50

🎈- The guy in charge in Aleppo has physical possession of the King of Jerusalem - 31:00

🎈 - The Count of Edessa just taken out 2 of the 4 crusader leaders - 31:10

 1125 A.D. The Crusaders were here for 27 years - 31:30 

- The Crusaders have captured all the cities on the Syrian-Palestinian coast except two. They were missing Ascalon (Fatimid) - 31:40 

- The Crusaders took an army to take Ascalon from the Fatimid Dynasty at 1111 A.D - 31:50

💨- They surrounded the town to put it under siege but the ruler panicked & surrendered - 32:00💨

 - Leader of Ascalon gives ransom to be free - 32:25

- People killed the Leader of Ascalon & his guard. They go over to the Citadel & murdered the Crusaders to liberate the city - 32:30

- The Crusader tried to attack Tyre, Lebanon. It was an island. Alexander the Great didn't have a navy to contest the Persian navy. So he made a causeway to connect it with the mainland which is now a peninsula. The Crusaders build a tower & tried to capture it with a battering ram. - 32:40

- Arabs took Oil & fecal matter to dump on Crusaders then light it on fire. The tower went to inferno. The Crusaders give up & leave - 33:50

- 13 years later. The Venetians show up with their navy. Demanded ONE QUARTER of everything - 34:30

- Tyre, Lebanon the island in the Mediterranean didn't have fresh water supply underneath. There were water stored in Cistern. If the city goes under siege, they've boats in the water to to fetch fresh water - 37:05 

- People of Tyre, Lebanon called Balak - 38:00

- Manbij,  Northern Syria goes to rebellion - 38:20

- Balak wanted to end the rebellion of Manbij, Northern Syria but a stray arrow hits him by the clavicle & sinks in very deep. He pulls it out. He tells his men, "Islam was just struck a terrible blow." Falls over dead! - 38:50

- Timurtash (Ala ud-Din Timurtash) is Ilghazi's (Najm al-Din Ilghazi ibn Artuq) son. Timurtash is just 19 years old. He has two things his mind which were not in Aleppo. It's sex & alcohol. That's all he cares about. He hates Aleppo & wants to get out as fast as he can - 39:25 

- Timurtash (Ala ud-Din Timurtash) releases Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem) & Joscelin (Joscelin I of Edessa) with money - 40:15 

- Timurtash (Ala ud-Din Timurtash) goes back to Mardin, Turkiye - 40:45 


- Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem), "I'm gonna take Aleppo!" - 40:45

Ibn al-Khashshab (son of the wood) calls al-Bursuqi (Aqsunqur al-Bursuqi) {Mosul, Iraq (Leadership shopping)} - 41:40

- al-Bursuqi (Aqsunqur al-Bursuqi) saves the city - 41:50

- Hashshashin (Order of Assassins) kill Ibn al-Khashshab - 42:00

- Hashshashin (Order of Assassins) kill al-Bursuqi (Aqsunqur al-Bursuqi) in following few months - 42:10

 No Ibn al-Khashshab = No leader of Aleppo - 42:50 🔆🔆🔆

- Hashshashin (Order of Assassins) stats to take over Damascus - 43:15 

 - Toghtekin (Zahir al-Din Toghtekin) is getting old - 43:30

- Buri (Taj al-Muluk Buri), Toghtekin (Zahir al-Din Toghtekin)'s son takes over. Buri (Taj al-Muluk Buri) is the puppet of Hashshashin - 43:40

- Buri (Taj al-Muluk Buri), Toghtekin (Zahir al-Din Toghtekin)'s son takes over after Toghtekin's death. Buri finds out that Hashshashin (Order of Assassins) are planning to turn the city (Damascus) over to Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem). They're just gonna surrender it. They've actually already set it up. They sent the message to Jerusalem saying, "We're ready to turn the city over to you. Come & get it!"

& the reason the Hashshashin (Order of Assassins) are doing this is because they believe; their religious belief is that...

THE SHI'AS ARE IN SIN BECAUSE OF WHAT HAPPENED TO THEIR GUY [Nizar's (Nizar ibn al-Mustansir)] THEY THOUGHT SHOULD TAKE OVER &

THE SUNNIES ARE JUST AWEFUL BECAUSE THEY'RE NOT SHI'A.

⇒& SO, THE ONLY WAY TO CORRECT THIS, IS TO LET THE CHRISTIANS PUNISH THEM!

⇒SO, THEY'RE GONNA GIVE THE CRUSADERS DAMASCUS BECAUSE THEY BELIEVE THAT THIS IS DIVINE PUNISHMENT MANIFEST THROUGH THEM! - 44:10

- Buri (Taj al-Muluk Buri) finds out, massacres the Hashshashin & saves the city of Damascus from the Crusaders - 45:55 

- Aleppo leader shopping - 45:40

👉- Ilghazi (Najm al-Din Ilghazi ibn Artuq) was ruling Mardin in Iraq (1118 A.D.) - 23:20 

👉- Balak (Nur al-Dawla Belek bin Bahram Ghazi) Ilghazi's cousin - 29:50 

👉- al-Bursuqi (Aqsunqur al-Bursuqi) (Mosul, Iraq) - 41:40

👉- They finally come up with Imad al-Din Zengi (al-Malik al-Mansur Abu al-Mudhaffar Imad al-Din Zengi bin Aq Sunqur al-Hajib bin Abdullah), the atabeg of Mosul, Iraq - 46:15



- John Adams, the revolutionary war hero's opening move is defending successfully the British soldiers from Boston Massacre in the courtroom. - 46:55


- The opening move of Imad al-Din Zengi is, the Khalifa Al-Mustarshid (Abu Mansur al-Faḍl ibn Ahmad al-Mustazhirin Baghdad decides that he doesn't just wanna be a symbolic figure anymore. He wants to have a real power at a moment when the Saljuk Saltanat is being transferred over.

Saljuk Sultan, Muhammad-I (Muhammad I Tapar) has died & replaced. & in the process the Khalifa decides that this is his chance to make a move.

The army that shows up to defeat the Khalifa was Zengi's army.

Saljuk Sultan, Musta'li (Abu al-Qasim Ahmad ibn al-Mustansir) owes him because he puts down the Khalifa & his army. - 47:10


In order to counter the ambitions of Abbasid Caliph al-Mustarshid (1118–1135), 
who wanted to acquire world dominance,
- the Seljuks led by Mahmud II now waged a campaign against him.[10]
- With some decisive leadership from Zengi,
- The Seljuks managed to take control of Baghdad and the Caliphate,
- Pillaging the Caliph's palace.[10]
- The Caliph sued for peace and had to pay a huge ransom.[10]
- In addition to his possessions in Wasit and Basra, Zengi was promoted and received the Governorship for Baghdad in April 1126,
- Receiving the title of shihna effectively putting him in control of the whole of Seljuk Iraq.[10][7]
- In 1127, following the murder of Aqsunqur al-Bursuqi
- Imad al-Din Zengi was named Governor of Mosul, where the Atabegdom of Mosul was formed.[7]


- The ruler of Antioch, Bohemond-II (Bohemond II of Antioch) died & Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem) decided to take over Antioch - 49:10


- Bohemond-I, then Roger of Salerno then Bohemond-II (Bohemond II of Antioch). They were Normand or Vikings from Sicily, Italy. They were French speaking Vikings - 49:30

- John-II Komnenos the Roman Empire wanted to attack - 54:00 (1138) 

- Letter from Roman Empire to Imad al-Din Zengi (al-Malik al-Mansur Abu al-Mudhaffar Imad al-Din Zengi bin Aq Sunqur al-Hajib bin Abdullah): The army is not for you. I'm gonna take Antioch. I'm gonna put down these crusaders. - 54:25

- Alice (Alice of Antioch), Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem) rebel against her own crusader father and brother-in-law (Fulk, King of Jerusalem) in a fierce power struggle over the Principality of Antioch in 1130-1131 - 54:40 

- Baldwin-II (Baldwin II of Jerusalem) bringing Crusader army with John-II Komnenos the Roman Empire & his army is gonna attack Imad al-Din Zengi - 55:05

- Deal of Roman Empire with the Crusaders: The Roman Empire would capture one of these major cities like Aleppo & he is gonna hand it over to the Crusaders a gesture of good will & that would be the basis of their alliance - 55:20

Imad al-Din Zengi message to the Crusaders: If the Roman Empire captures any city in this area, he is never gonna give it to you. You guys are nuts. He is here to reassert Roman dominance over the area. He is not here to help you guys in any way, shape or form. You've got to stop them from doing this." - 55:40

- Imad al-Din Zengi message to the Roman Empire: "You can't work with these guys. They're insane. They backstab each other. They'll backstab you. This isn't gonna work. You can trust me though." - 56:00

- Imad al-Din Zengi sends word back to all the leaders in the area; the leader of Damascus; Baghdad: You need to send an army & you need to send it right now! I'm gonna be fighting the Romans & the Crusaders at the same time. I don't have the people to do this." - 56:10 

- Imad al-Din Zengi then takes an army & get them behind the Roman Empire to harassing the Roman army. He can't fight them head-on. He doesn't have the numbers. The Romans would turn around to come & chase him & he would run off & he would strike them from another side & harass them. The Romans would turn to move after him & they'll ran off. He is just total harassment mode while he is waiting for Muslim army to come & reinforce him. While he is trying to split the Crusaders off from the Romans. - 56:30

- The Roman & the Crusader alliance fall apart (1130-1131 A.D.)- 57:25 

Imad al-Din Zengi is starting to think, "I own Mosul. I own Aleppo. If I own Damascus, then I don't have to deal with & worry about these crusaders very much. & then I could secure Damascus & I wouldn't have to worry about it falling apart down the road." - 57:40 

- Buri (Taj al-Muluk Buri) had died & replaced by his son Ismail (Shams al-Mulk Isma'il) - 58:00

- Ismail (Shams al-Mulk Isma'il) is a basket case. He goes the very similar path that Aleppan Alp Arsalan (Alp Arslan al-Akhras) went down killing people - 58:10


- Ismail (Shams al-Mulk Isma'il) started to negotiate with the Crusaders just like Hashshashin (Order of Assassins) - 58:35


- Ismail (Shams al-Mulk Isma'il)'s mother (Zumurrud Khatun) - 58:50

Imad al-Din Zengi told Zumurrud Khatun that he would work with her if she works with him. She rejects her. But she kills her son Ismail to replace him with another son Shihab al-Din Mahmud - 59:00


Imad al-Din Zengi captures Homs. Then swings into Baalbek which was the last city that wasn't Damascus. - 59:20 

Imad al-Din Zengi gets trapped between Baldwin-II & Baalbek - 01:00:00


- A few years earliyer, Al-Mustarshid (Abu Mansur al-Faḍl ibn Ahmad al-Mustazhir) did the rebellion that was Imad al-Din Zengi way to become the Atabegdom of Mosul, he does another rebellion a few years later. Imad al-Din Zengi brings down an army to put the same Khalifa down a second time. But he (Imad) gets defeated the second time. His (Imad) army was so destroyed by the Khalifa's army, he (Imad) actually barely escapes. There is a Turkiye officer in the area hides him & saves his life. The Turkiye officer was a Kurd working for Turkiye namd Ayyub (Najm al-Din Ayyub) - 01:00:10


- After Imad al-Din Zengi captures Baalbek, he gift it to Najm al-Din Ayyub (al-Malik al-Afdal Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb ibn Shādhi ibn Marwān) - 01:01:20



- Ismail (Shams al-Mulk Isma'il)'s mother (Zumurrud Khatun) marriage proposal to Imad al-Din Zengi. They stayed married for about a year. Then divorces her.  - 01:02:15

- Joscelin-II (Joscelin II of Edessa) who replaces Joscelin-I (Joscelin I of Edessa) as the Count of Edessa, makes a milittary mistake - 01:03:15


Imad al-Din Zengi takes advantage & takes over Edessa - 01:0330

- The first Crusader state has just been taken out parmenently in 1144 A.D. - 01:30:40 

Imad al-Din Zengi now has Mosul, Aleppo, Baalbek, Homs & Edessa  

- 01:04:00


- Alp Arslan made his Wazir, Nizam al-Mulk who Siyasatnama which explains how you should be a leader - 01:04:55

- After 1 of capturing Edessa, Imad al-Din Zengi got killed - 01:06:40

- When Edessa falls, the Pope calls for the Second Crusade - 01:07:20 


- This is a reinforcement crusade - 01:07:30



- Frederick Barbarossa from Germany is the only commander to participate in two Crusades (second & third) - 01:07:50