The Crusades: Part 4 – Salah ad-Din and the Fall of the Crusader States

The Crusades: Part 4 – Salah ad-Din and the Fall of the Crusader States

- 1095 A.D. Alexios I Komnenos, the Roman Emperor goes to Rome & asks the Pope (Pope Urban II) for help because he is getting hammered fighting the Seljuk Empire. The Seljuk Empire has been slowly advancing in Anatolia taking away land from the Romans - 01:00

✝️- The Pope (Pope Urban II) decides that he does want to get involved - 01:20

- In 1058 A.D. we had Orthodox Church & Catholic Church mass excommunicate each other - 01:25

 

- It's called THE GREAT SCHISM (East–West Schism) - 01:35

- 1095 A.D. right after the great schism all of a sudden the Orthodox Eastern Christianity is asking for help from Western Catholic Christianity & the Catholic Church agrees - 01:40

- The Pope (Pope Urban II) calls for ‌the Crusades. But nothing happens - 01:50

- The next year in 1096 A.D. a hermit gets up of everybody in France & goes, "We really ought to do what the Pope asked for. Let's do a Crusade & a Crusader Army forms & begins marching to go to Jerusalem & take it from the Seljuk Empire - 01:55

- Seljuk Empire had actually recently captured Jerusalem themselves. So this is a takeback but not for Christianity, the Seljuk Empire had captured it from another group of Muslims - 02:15

- At one point the Roman Empire owned Palestine & when they did, the Roman Empire by then was Christian did own Jerusalem. In a way centuries earlier there was a Christian rule over Jerusalem. So in the mind of the Crusaders they're taking it back for that purpose - 02:35

- They initiate the crusades in Germany. Most of the Crusaders in the original Crusaders are German & French - 02:55

- They initiate the Crusade in Germany by going up & down the Ryne River mascaraing Jews - 03:05

- They kill about 9000 Jewish Germans & raped thousands of Jewish women & they go on the Crusade. I guess they wanted Jesus's blessing or something - 03:10

- First Crusade captures Jerusalem 1099 A.D. They rule Jerusalem until right before the Third Crusade starts - 03:20

- The reason they lose Jerusalem is because they make a series of bad errors. They keep attacking the Muslims under the rule of the guy name Sala'huddin (Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub) - 03:35

- In 1187 A.D. Sala'huddin had had enough. He cause the Crusaders to fight a battle called the Battle of Hittin & he defeats the Crusader army & then he goes to Jerusalem & he forces the Crusaders to surrender in 1187 A.D. - 03:45

- The Crusaders ruled Jerusalem for about 88 years - 04:00

- They ended up with Four States - 04:05 

1. The county of Edessa.

2. The principality of Antioch.

3. The county of Tripoli or Tarablus (Ṭarāblus or Ṭarābulus (Arabic: طرابلس) is the Arabic form of Tripoli (Greek: Τρίπολις), often transliterated into Turkish as Trablus).

4. The Kingdom of Jerusalem.

- 04:05

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